In this paper the impacts of Oil price fluctuations on the household welfare for different income groups have been studied using computational general equilibrium model. Equivalent Variation (EV) criterion is also used to evaluate changes in household welfare. The results show that Oil price fluctuation has a greater impact on income, expenditure and welfare of urban households compared with the rural ones. In other words, dependence of urban household income on Oil price is stronger in comparison to the rural ones. It has also been revealed that an Oil price increase is more effective than the price reduction on household welfare, income and expenditure. Ratio of EV to total expenditure is almost the same for the poor and rich households, implying that both of them suffer a percentage of welfare loss in the same way.

Oil price stability is an important aspect of energy security and plays an important role in the international economy. A number of factors influence Oil price and its fluctuations: level of production on a global scale, inclusive of both OPEC and non-OPEC members; global level of consumption; level of investment in the energy sector, inclusive of the Oil sector; and foreign exchange fluctuations, especially fluctuations in the parity value of the U.S. dollar. Oil price changes in turn impact producers, consumers and international Oil companies, and affect their respective policies. Given its huge Oil reserves and production and consumption capacity, the United States enjoys a special place among all major Oil countries. The U.S. Oil policy, also supported by a usually strong dollar, has played a very significant role in the Oil price fluctuations during the past decade. In addressing the U.S. role, the present article will look into: 1) factors influencing Oil price fluctuations since 2001; 2) the role of fluctuations in the U.S. dollar; and 3) the relative weight of the U.S. production and consumption capacity among non-OPEC Oil countries.

One of the most important markets in each economy is capital markets. Undoubtedly, the conditions of these markets are influenced by other sectors and can affect other sectors of the economy. The stock market is one of the components of the capital market, and as part of the economy, its function is that if this market does not have a logical relationship with other sectors, then problems and deficiencies will arise in its operation. In the capital market, widespread fluctuations lead to the arrival and departure of a massive amount of capital. The Stock Exchange, an officially organized market for the purchase and sale of shares of companies under certain terms and conditions. The Oil industry has always had a financial role in the economy, and its main function is to provide the currency needed by the countries. The economies of countries that rely heavily on Oil revenues and foreign exchange earnings, the Oil price fluctuations that originate from exogenous developments and the control of outside economic policymakers, are the largest source of disruption to the economies of the countries. Oil revenues are fluctuating. Therefore, fluctuation is one of the most important issues in the financial markets of the world. Oscillation, as an effective factor in determining the risk of investment, can play an important role in the decision making of investors. An appropriate estimation of stock price fluctuations or arbitrage transactions in an investment period is a very important starting point in controlling investment risk. One of the factors influencing the stock price index is Oil prices and Oil price fluctuations. Oil and its products are used as the most important source of energy in world production processes. fluctuations in Oil prices can affect the cost of production and profitability of manufacturing companies. Oil is considered to be the most important source of income for some of the exporting countries, and the price of Oil and its fluctuations from this channel can also affect the real sector as well as the capital market, so that in many countries that do not have a good Oil revenue management the price of Oil has been accompanied by an increase in government revenues and an increase in the monetary base that has an impact on inflation. Increasing inflation also has a positive impact on stock prices; the World Oil Index is one of the most important indicators affecting economic factors and political factors in each country. The global Oil price, as a powerful exogenous variable, is influenced by many macroeconomic variables, including the stock price index. The explanation of such a relationship is the policy makers' guideline in monetary and foreign policy directives. Therefore, the main focus of this paper is to examine the impact of the Tehran Stock price Index (TEPIX) and the Dubai Dollar Index (DFM) Crude Oil using monthly data over the period of 2004-2016 as well as the multivariate GARCH method. To do this, we first performed the Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Peron stacking tests to check the variance of the variables, which is based on the results of this test at the root level of the unit, so that from all three variables, once the difference was made, and therefore all three variables with a load Mana differentiation, then we performed an ARCH test, which results in the existence of an Arch effect on the model remainders, and finally we estimated the multivariate GARCH model with the BEKK approach. According to research results, global Oil price fluctuations have a positive and significant effect on the fluctuations of the Dubai stock exchange index, and the global Oil price volatility has a positive and significant effect on Tehran Stock Exchange index fluctuations. On the other hand, Dubai Stock Exchange fluctuations (DFM) have a positive and significant effect on Tehran Stock Exchange Index (TEPIX) fluctuations.

Oil price fluctuations have political, social and economic importance to rentier States, and a kind of asymmetry can be seen in the affecting factors on when Oil prices rise and fall in. In this paper, the data of 31 selected Oil revenue dependent countries are examined in the form of panel data using the ordinary least squares method. This article studies and determines the factors affecting corruption in two time periods, one between 2003 and 2008 and the other between 2009 and 2014. A comparison of the results obtained in these periods shows that with the change in Oil price trends, the major factors affecting corruption also change. In the first period and simultaneously with the increase in Oil prices, good governance and government spending will reduce corruption and instead unemployment will lead to the spread of corruption. In the next period and with the change in the trend of Oil prices, the factors affecting corruption also change. In this period, which is accompanied by a decrease in Oil prices, the degree of market freedom and the shadow economy contribute to the spread of corruption and the human development index reduces corruption.

fluctuations in Oil prices a major factor in many of the economic crisis in the Oil exporting and importing countries.Stock exchange is one of the main components of the financial markets is that economic growth and development role in the country. The aim of this research reviews the impact of Oil price fluctuations on abnormal stock returns of companies accepted in tehran stock exchange is structured using vector error correction model in this study using screening techniques, during 1388-1392, 96 companies from accepted in tehran stock exchange is selected.The research of the type of applied research and is the target of the kind of descriptive research that practices solidarity. After collecting the data, the variables are calculated and then using panel data regression model and random effects model to examine relationships between variables was investigated. Hypothesis test results indicate that Oil price fluctuations and abnormal stock returns of companies tehran stock exchange has a significant relationship

The Housing market has experienced fluctuations in recent years. The main factors for the soaring prices of houses are demand and speculative swings, originating from the structural problems of macro economy as well as galloping liquidity increase and incapability of other economic sectors and the capital market to absorb this liquidity. This paper studies the effects of liquidity on house price swings in Iran and 20 OECD countries which have experienced more house price fluctuations in recent decades. The estimates have been done for the years 1980 to 2009 by applying panel data method. The estimations for all selected countries were carried out first, and then the countries were divided into two groups: countries with Oil revenues and countries without Oil revenues. Results indicate that in both groups the liquidity has meaningful and positive effects on house prices, so considerable part of the house price volatilities can be explained by the liquidity which exists in the sector. Oil revenues play a meaningful and positive role in house price swings in Oil producing countries, exerting an extra 36% of direct or indirect fluctuations, comparing the other group.

According to Dutch Disease Theory, economic booming in one-sector of on economy affects all the other sectors of the economy as well. As an example, it can be pointed out: the strengthening of real exchange rate, raising the level of imports, decreasing exports of the non-booming sector, weakening of traditional sector, and moving labor and other factors of production to the booming sector. The raise in the level of Oil revenue, as a result of the rise in Oil price, has proved many assumptions of Dutch Disease Theory in Iran. One assumption is that the rise of Oil revenue results in a decline of production in agricultural and other traditional sectors. This paper examines the assumption, by utilizing regression analysis and 1350-1379 time series data to study the effect of Oil price fluctuations on the prodoction of agricultural sector in Iran. The result of this study shows that the assumption is true for Iran and the rise in Oil price has a negative effect on the agricultural sector. On the other hand the results show, the Oil price shock on the value added of agricultural sector declines and vanishes over time.

Most of the economic plans of industrialized countries due to their dependence on Oil imports, as well as Oil exporting countries due to the importance of Oil revenues in their economy, are formed based on Oil price changes and developments. Oil price developments, which are interpreted as shocks, are mostly random in nature, and for this reason, the future shocks or the probability of their occurrence or both are uncertain and unknown for the actors of the Oil markets. raw will be uncertain. In this research, the effects of international crude Oil price shocks on economic fluctuations in Iran have been investigated using the structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model. In the short term, Oil supply and specific demand shocks in the Oil market led to an increase in Oil prices and, as a result, curb economic production. An increase in Oil prices caused by aggregate demand shocks will increase economic output. Aggregate economic demand shock acts as the main source of Oil price shocks, and the specific demand of the Oil market creates more restraining effects on economic production than aggregate supply and demand. Also, energy industries are less affected by supply and demand shocks than other industries due to the effect of government subsidies and the share system of state companies. The effect of specific demand shocks on Oil price on industrial production is greater than supply shocks and demand shocks.